WestVic Dairy News - July 2010 Edition
Soil Biology the topic of the day for the Port Campbell discussion group
By Rachael Ward, Dairy Extension Officer, DPI, Colac
Back in early May the Port Campbell discussion group invited DPI Soil Biology Research Scientist Damian Bougoure to give them a run down of what soil biology is and why it is important. The day provided a great overview of soil biology and generated lots of discussion and interest on the topic.
Damian explained that soil biology ranges from visible macrofauna (such as earthworms) to microflora (such as bacteria and fungi) that needs to be viewed under a microscope. The group was surprised to learn that one gram of soil could contain over 100,000 different species, which might equate to over 10 million individuals.
Damian explained that soil biology was important for many reasons including:
- Decomposing plant residues
- Regulating plant nutrient supply and loss (e.g. nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron) through symbiotic and asymbiotic interactions
- Improving soil structure (aggregate stability)
- Degrading pesticides and herbicides
- Regulating water quality (e.g. filters nutrients)
- Capturing and releasing greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, Methane, Nitrous Oxide)
Managing soil biology was also discussed on the day. Damian suggested that the most important factor to enhance soil biology is the supply of energy (carbon), such as plant residues, animal manures and also composts. Another important consideration is maintaining their habitat. This includes leaving the soil as undisturbed as possible and free from toxicities including acidity, salt and heavy metals. Diversity in above ground plant species is also important.
There are a large range of biological products available to purchase. As with purchasing any product it is good to ask a few questions when considering alternatives, such as:
- Is the product registered?
- What is in the product?
- Is the product suitable for my situation?
- Is the product part of a management package?
- Are there any local trials of this product happening?
- Where can I find out more information on the product?
Group Secretary Andrew Allsop regrettably missed the day, but had phone calls from attendees saying what a good day it was and how unfortunate it was he missed it.
For more information on soil biology please visit the DEC website www.dairyextension.com.au, where you will find audio of a recent soil biology workshop Damian delivered as well as additional information on this topic.
